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Grammar Topics
Conditionals
Gerunds and Infinitives >Gerunds
and Infinitives Exercise
Noun Clauses
Prepostions
Verb Tenses
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Gerunds and
Infinitives express activities, and they function as nouns in
sentences.
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Gerunds
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Form |
Usage
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Examples
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the
simple form of a verb + -ing |
Subject
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Investing
in the stock market can be risky.
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| Object
of verb |
I enjoy taking
risks.
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| Object
of a preposition |
I
thanked them for giving me the opportunity. |
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Infinitives
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Form |
Usage |
Examples |
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to
+ simple form of a verb |
Object
of verb· |
We decided
to leave early.
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Gerunds
and Infinitives after Verbs
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Both
gerunds and infinitives can be used as objects of verbs. The table
below indicates high frequency verbs that are followed by either
infinitives, if the action is forward-looking and promotes progress,
or gerunds, if the action impedes progress. |
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Verbs
followed by Infinitives (promote progress) |
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Verbs
followed by Gerunds (impede progress) |
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aim
arrange
attempt
decide
expect
hope
intend
need
plan
prepare
promise
seek
want |
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avoid
can't help
delay
finish
give up
have difficulty/problems
mind
miss
postpone
quit
resent
resist
risk
stop |
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Examples
with Infinitives: |
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Examples
with Gerunds: |
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1.
We can arrange to meet the clients at the airport.
2. They are preparing
to announce a new product line.
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1.
He avoids using lengthy tables in his presentation.
2. I postponed writing the article until just before
the deadline. |
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Exceptions:
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The
way certain verbs function is contrary to the rule of thumb. Pay
particular attention to the verbs in the following table that need
to be followed by gerunds. |
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Verbs
followed by Infinitives (impede progress) |
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Verbs
followed by Gerunds(promote progress) |
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hesitate
refuse
neglect
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advise
anticipate
appreciate
consider
enjoy
recommend
suggest
discuss
propose
resume |
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